Monodia
Monodia Breton & Faurel, Revue Mycol., Paris 35(1): 23 (1970)
Facesoffungi number: FoF 07453
Ascomycota, genera incertae sedis
Coprophilous. Sexual morph: undetermined. Asexual morph: Conidiomata brown to dark brown, pycnidial, scattered to gregarious, immersed to semi-immersed, with globose to subglobose venter, unilocular, glabrous, thick-walled, ostiolate. Ostiole dark brown to almost black, circular or oval, with a subcylindrical neck, bearing irregular shaped, curved setae. Conidiomatal wall composed of thick-walled, dark brown to hyaline cells of textura angularis. Conidiophores arising from the innermost wall layers of conidiomata, hyaline, cylindrical to subcylindrical, branched, septate, invested in mucus. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, subcylindrical with the conidiogenous loci immediately beneath the septa, integrated, indeterminate, terminal or lateral, smooth-walled. Conidia hyaline, ellipsoid to fusiform or occasionally cylindrical, unicellular, guttulate, bearing 2–3, tubular, unbranched, flexuous appendages at each end.
Type species: Monodia elegans Breton & Faurel, Revue Mycol., Paris 35(1): 24 (1970)
Notes: Monodia elegans was collected from dung of hares (Breton and Faurel 1970). The second species was described from dung of Trichosurus vulpecula in Australia (Nag Raj 1993). Monodia is characterized by coprophilous habitat and pycnidial, globose conidiomata with cylindrical necks, occasionally bearing setae, and subcylindrical conidiogenous cells with the conidiogenous loci immediately beneath the septa, and subcylindrical, unicellular conidia with two appendages at each end. The generic type cannot be located; thus we re-examined the type species of M. minor and provide a detailed description and photo plate. No molecular data is available for this genus.
Monodia can easily be confused with Pullospora, because they are both coprophilous and share similar morphology of conidiomata and conidia. The significant characters that differentiate these two genera are associated with conidiomatal setae, conidiogenous cells and the number of conidial appendages. Monodia has globose to subglobose conidiomata bearing setae around the conidiomatal wall or at the ostiolar region, and phialidic, subcylindrical conidiogenous cells, and ellipsoid to fusiform conidia with 2 appendages at each end, or occasionally 1 or 3 at the base. Pullospora has globose to subglobose or irregular, glabrous conidiomata, annellidic, subcylindrical to lageniform, conidiogenous cells, and cylindrical to subcylindrical conidia with a primary centric basal appendage and 2–4 unbranched, secondary appendages at each end.
Distribution: Australia, Chad, Namibia (Nag Raj 1993).
References:
Li WJ, McKenZie EHC, Liu JK, Bhat DJ, Dai DQ, Caporesi E, Tian Q, Maharachcikumbura SSN, Luo ZL, Shang QJ, Zhang JF, Tangthirasunun N, Karunarathna SC, Xu JC, Hyde KD (2020) Taxonomy and phylogeny of hyaline-spored coelomycetes. Fungal Diversity 100: pages279–801.
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