Mycosphaerellales » Extremaceae

Staninwardia

Staninwardia B. Sutton, Trans. Br. mycol. Soc. 57(3): 540 (1971)

Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi number, MycoBank, GenBank         Fig 1

Classification: Extremaceae, Mycosphaerellales, Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota, Fungi

Pathogenic or associated with leaf spots on host plants. The sexual morph is undetermined. The asexual morph is characterised by acervulus conidiomata, which are black, epidermal and separate. The conidiomatal wall is comprised of textura angularis, smooth-walled and brown cells, and with irregular dehiscence. The conidiophores are hyaline to pale brown, densely aggregated, smooth or verrucose, 0–2-septate, cylindrical, unbranched or branched near the base, and covered in mucus. Conidiogenous cells are proliferating or holothallic, arthric, integrated, indeterminate, terminal, hyaline or pale brown, smooth or verruculose, and covered in mucus. Conidia are pale brown to brown, thick-walled, doliiform to clavate, verruculose, predominantly 1-septate, constricted, with mucilaginous sheath, and formed in conidial chains (Sutton 1971, 1980, Summerell et al. 2006, Wijayawardene et al. 2016).

Type species: Staninwardia breviuscula B. Sutton, Trans. Br. mycol. Soc. 57(3): 541 (1971)

Notes: Staninwardia was introduced by Sutton (1971) based on S. breviuscula as the type species, which was isolated from Eucalyptus leaves. The second species S. suttonii, was isolated from Eucalyptus robusta leaf spots by Summerell et al. (2006). Subsequently, Egidi et al. (2014) considered S. suttonii as a generic taxon in Capnodiales (Egidi et al. 2014). However, Quaedvlieg et al. (2014) re-evaluated S. suttonii and introduced it to a new family Extremaceae which was subsequently accepted by Wijayawardene et al. (2014). Currently, there are only two species (S. breviuscula and S. suttonii) listed under Staninwardia in Species Fungorum (May 2024). The sequence data are only available for S. suttonii in GenBank (May 2024). The updated taxonomic treatment of this genus is Extremaceae, in Mycosphaerellales (Dothideomycetes) (Wijayawardene et al. 2022, Hyde et al. 2024).

For all accepted species: see Species Fungorum, and search Staninwardia.

Figure 1 – Staninwardia breviuscula (re-drawn from Morgan-Jones 1977) a Vertical section of conidioma. b, c Different stages of conidiogenesis and conidia. Scale bars: a = 50 μm, b, c = 10 μm. (Originally published in Wijayawardene et al. (2016) and republished with authority)

 

References

Egidi E, de Hoog GS, Isola D, Onofri S et al. 2014 – Phylogeny and taxonomy of meristematic rock-inhabiting black fungi in the Dothideomycetes based on multi-locus phylogenies. Fungal diversity 65, 127–165.

Hyde KD, Noordeloos MT, Thiyagaraja V, He MQ et al. 2024 – The 2024 Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa. Mycosphere 15(1), 5146–6239.

Quaedvlieg W, Binder M, Groenewald JZ, Summerell BA et al. 2014 – Introducing the consolidated species concept to resolve species in the Teratosphaeriaceae. Persoonia 33, 1–40.

Morgan-Jones G. 1977 – Icones generum coelomycetum IX. Uni Waterloo Biol Ser 11, 1–42.

Summerell BA, Groenewald JZ, Carnegie AJ, Summerbell RC et al. 2006 – Eucalyptus microfungi known from culture. 2. Alysidiella, Fusculina and Phlogicylindrium genera nova, with notes on some other poorly known taxa. Fungal diversity 23, 323–350.

Sutton BC. 1971 – Staninwardia gen. nov. (Melanconiales) on Eucalyptus. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 57(3), 539–542.

Sutton BC. 1980 – The Coelomycetes. Fungi imperfecti with pycnidia, acervuli and stromata. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew.

Wijayawardene NN, Crous PW, Kirk PM, Hawksworth DL et al. 2014 – Naming and outline of Dothideomycetes– 2014 including proposals for the protection or suppression of generic names. Fungal diversity 69(69), 1–55.

Wijayawardene NN, Hyde KD, Wanasinghe DN, Papizadeh M et al. 2016 – Taxonomy and phylogeny of dematiaceous coelomycetes. Fungal diversity 77, 1–316.

Wijayawardene NN, Hyde KD, Dai DQ, Sánchez-García ML et al. 2022 – Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa–2021. Mycosphere 13(1), 53–453.

 

Entry by Chao Chen^1,2,3

Edited by Kevin D. Hyde^1,3 & Ishara S. Manawasinghe¹

 

¹Innovative Institute for Plant Health, College of Agriculture and Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, Guangdong, P.R. China.

²Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.

³Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand; School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand.

 

Published online 2024-December 30.

 

Recent News

coelomycetes.org - notes 2
coelomycetes.org - notes 1

Recent Genus

Xenoconiothyrium
Staninwardia
Extremaceae

Recent Species

Zelosatchmopsis sacciformis
Zelandiocoela ambigua
Yoshinagaia quercus