Phialophorophoma
Phialophorophoma Linder, Farlowia 1(3): 402 (1944) [1943-1944]
Faceoffungi number: FoF 07490
Dothideomycetes, Pleosporomycetidae, Pleosporales, genera incertae sedis
Saprobic on the host plant or in marine habitat. Sexual morph: undetermined. Asexual morph: Conidiomata black, pycnidial, scattered to gregarious, immersed to semi-immersed, obpyriform, unilocular, glabrous, ostiolate. Ostiole single, cylindrical to circular, centrally located. Conidiomatal wall composed of thick-walled, dark brown to black cells of textura globulosa in the exterior, becoming hyaline to subhyaline towards the conidial hymenium. Conidiophores usually reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells arising from the inner wall layers of conidiomata, hyaline, enteroblastic, annellidic, lageniform to subcylindrical, integrated, indeterminate, smooth-walled, proliferating percurrently 1–2 times. Conidia hyaline, ellipsoid to obovoid, unicellular, smooth-walled, guttulate (adapted from Nag Raj and DiCosmo 1984).
Type species: Phialophorophoma litoralis Linder, Farlowia 1(3): 403 (1944) [1943-1944]
Notes: Barghoorn and Linder (1944) proposed Phialophorophoma to accommodate the single species P. litoralis collected from wood pilings in USA. The conidiogenous cells of Phialophorophoma were described and illustrated as enteroblastic, phialidic, cylindrical to lageniform, integrated, with terminal or lateral apertures immediately below transverse septa (Morgan-Jones 1977, Sutton 1980). Conidiophores are hyaline, septate, branched at the base (Sutton 1980). Nag Raj and DiCosmo (1984) re-examined the holotype of P. litoralis and found that its conidiogenous cells are annellidic, proliferating percurrently 1–2 times, and its conidiophores are usually absent. Aveskamp et al. (2011) showed Phialophorophoma is related to Cucurbitariaceae based on LSU and SSU sequence data, while Wijayawardene et al. (2017b) placed it in Pleosporales, genera incertae sedis. Fresh collections of type species are needed to place Phialophorophoma in a natural group.
Distribution: Yugoslavia, UK, USA (Sutton 1980, Nag Raj and DiCosmo 1984).
Illustration was provided by Nag Raj and DiCosmo (1984).
References:
Li WJ, McKenZie EHC, Liu JK, Bhat DJ, Dai DQ, Caporesi E, Tian Q, Maharachcikumbura SSN, Luo ZL, Shang QJ, Zhang JF, Tangthirasunun N, Karunarathna SC, Xu JC, Hyde KD (2020) Taxonomy and phylogeny of hyaline-spored coelomycetes. Fungal Diversity 100: pages279–801.
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