Pseudorobillarda
Pseudorobillarda M. Morelet, Bull. Soc. Sci. nat. Arch. Toulon et du Var 175: 5 (1968)
Facesoffungi number: FoF 07559
Dothideomycetes, Pleosporomycetidae, Incertae sedis, Pseudorobillardaceae
Caulicolous, foliicolous, humicolous, glumicolous, lichenicolous. Sexual morph: undetermined. Asexual morph: Conidiomata yellowish brown to brown or dark brown, black, pycnidial, solitary to gregarious or confluent, immersed to semi-immersed, globose to subglobose, unilocular, glabrous, ostiolate. Ostiole single, circular to subcylindrical, centrally or laterally placed. Conidiomatal wall composed of thick-walled, brown to hyaline cells of textura angularis to textura prismatica. Paraphyses hyaline, filiform, septate, branched or unbranched. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. invested in mucus. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, enteroblastic, phialidic or annellidic, cylindrical to ampulliform, determinate or indeterminate, thick and smooth-walled, arising all around the cavity of conidioma. Conidia hyaline, subcylindrical to fusiform or ellipsoidal, 0–4-septate, slightly constricted at the septa, guttulate, thick- and smooth-walled, bearing 2–6, flexuous, divergent, extracellular, appendages at one end.
Type species: Pseudorobillarda phragmitis (Cunnell) M. Morelet, Bull. Soc. Sci. nat. Arch. Toulon et du Var 175: 6 (1968)
Notes: The members of Pseudorobillarda are widespread. They have been reported in Argentina, Canada, Cuba, Germany, India, Nigeria, Thailand, UK, Ukraine and USA (Nag Raj 1972, 1993, Sutton 1980, Bianchinotti 1997, Vujanovic and St-Arnaud 2003, Plaingam et al. 2005, Tangthirasunun et al. 2014b). Pseudorobillarda taxa can be saprobic, pathogenic, endophytic as well as lichenicolous and humicolous (Petrini 1986, Nag Raj 1993, Bianchinotti 1997, Boom et a1. 1998, Vujanovic and St-Arnaud 2003, Kadowaki et al. 2014). The genus is characterized by pycnidial, globose to subglobose conidia with or without paraphyses, phialidic or annellidic conidiogenous cells and subcylindrical to fusiform, aseptate or septate conidia.
Pseudorobillarda was introduced by Morelet (1968) to accommodate P. muhlenbergiae (R. Sprague) M. Morelet and P. phragmitis, with the latter as the type species. Subsequently, Nag Raj (1972) proposed the same name Pseudorobillarda Nag Raj, Morgan-Jones & W.B. Kendr. for four taxa namely, P. agrostidis (R. Sprague) Nag Raj et al. on Agrostis tenuis, P. bambusae Nag Raj et al. on Bambusa sp., P. indica Nag Raj et al. on unidentified plant and P. phragmitis on Phragmites communis. Nag Raj (1973) recognized that Pseudorobillarda Nag Raj et al. was a homonym of Pseudorobillarda M. Morelet and clarified the nomenclature of the generic name as well as the species in Pseudorobillarda. Nag Raj (1993) made a major revision for Pseudorobillarda and accepted eight taxa. Another major revision of this genus was carried out by Plaingam et al. (2005), they recognized 14 species in Pseudorobillarda and provided a synoptic table for all described taxa. Tangthirasunun et al. (2014) described an additional species, P. eucalypti Tangthir. & K.D. Hyde from eucalyptus in Thailand and placed Pseudorobillarda in Dothideomycetes incertae sedis on basis of LSU sequence data; this result agreed with Rungjindamai et al. (2012). Crous et al. (2014) showed that Pseudorobillarda taxa are related to Pleosporales, but our phylogenetic analysis based on LSU sequence showed that this genus distinct to Pleosporales, and we placed Pseudorobillarda in Dothideomycetes incertae sedis.
Distribution: Cuba, Germany, India, Italy, Nigeria, Thailand, UK, Ukraine, USA (Nag Raj 1993, Tangthirasunun et al. 2014b, this study).
References:
Li WJ, McKenZie EHC, Liu JK, Bhat DJ, Dai DQ, Caporesi E, Tian Q, Maharachcikumbura SSN, Luo ZL, Shang QJ, Zhang JF, Tangthirasunun N, Karunarathna SC, Xu JC, Hyde KD (2020) Taxonomy and phylogeny of hyaline-spored coelomycetes. Fungal Diversity 100: pages279–801.
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